Ranking football clubs by the dominant eigenvector of the normalized points-won matrix.
Spain 2022-23
‹ 2021-22 | 2023-24 › | |
---|---|---|
EP | Pts | W | D | L | GF | GA | GP | PR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | FC Barcelona | 9.251 | 104 | 33 | 5 | 7 | 86 | 30 | 45 | 1 |
2 | Real Madrid | 5.693 | 94 | 29 | 7 | 10 | 90 | 45 | 46 | 2 |
3 | Atlético Madrid | 5.619 | 89 | 27 | 8 | 8 | 80 | 37 | 43 | 3 |
4 | Real Sociedad | 4.479 | 83 | 25 | 8 | 10 | 62 | 37 | 43 | 7 |
5 | Villarreal CF | 3.265 | 73 | 22 | 7 | 13 | 77 | 45 | 42 | 17 |
6 | Real Betis | 2.662 | 65 | 18 | 11 | 12 | 54 | 46 | 41 | 33 |
7 | Rayo Vallecano | 2.210 | 53 | 14 | 11 | 16 | 48 | 56 | 41 | 73 |
8 | RCD Mallorca | 2.055 | 59 | 17 | 8 | 17 | 46 | 44 | 42 | 48 |
9 | Athletic Bilbao | 1.968 | 67 | 19 | 10 | 16 | 61 | 47 | 45 | 27 |
10 | Sevilla FC | 1.894 | 61 | 17 | 10 | 16 | 59 | 56 | 43 | 44 |
11 | CA Osasuna | 1.848 | 70 | 20 | 10 | 16 | 53 | 51 | 46 | 24 |
12 | Girona FC | 1.735 | 52 | 14 | 10 | 16 | 61 | 58 | 40 | 77 |
13 | Valencia CF | 1.588 | 49 | 13 | 10 | 19 | 51 | 49 | 42 | 91 |
14 | Celta Vigo | 1.540 | 49 | 13 | 10 | 18 | 53 | 57 | 41 | 93 |
15 | Getafe CF | 1.522 | 48 | 12 | 12 | 17 | 41 | 50 | 41 | 101 |
16 | Real Valladolid | 1.480 | 46 | 13 | 7 | 21 | 40 | 65 | 41 | 113 |
17 | RCD Espanyol | 1.294 | 46 | 11 | 13 | 18 | 59 | 71 | 42 | 111 |
18 | Cádiz CF | 1.257 | 42 | 10 | 12 | 17 | 32 | 56 | 39 | 136 |
19 | UD Almería | 1.223 | 41 | 11 | 8 | 20 | 49 | 67 | 39 | 141 |
20 | Levante UD | 1.106 | 88 | 23 | 19 | 8 | 61 | 37 | 50 | 4 |
21 | CD Alavés | 1.096 | 88 | 24 | 16 | 10 | 54 | 35 | 50 | 5 |
22 | UD Las Palmas | 0.958 | 76 | 19 | 19 | 6 | 50 | 29 | 44 | 12 |
23 | Antequera CF | 0.860 | 73 | 22 | 7 | 5 | 58 | 24 | 34 | 16 |
24 | Granada CF | 0.830 | 78 | 23 | 9 | 12 | 58 | 33 | 44 | 9 |
25 | CD Arenteiro | 0.801 | 76 | 22 | 10 | 4 | 47 | 22 | 36 | 11 |
26 | UD Melilla | 0.790 | 66 | 18 | 12 | 4 | 41 | 15 | 34 | 28 |
27 | Elche CF | 0.742 | 31 | 7 | 10 | 24 | 36 | 68 | 41 | 164 |
28 | CP Cacereño | 0.738 | 67 | 18 | 13 | 10 | 42 | 26 | 41 | 26 |
29 | Recreativo Huelva | 0.701 | 70 | 18 | 16 | 5 | 41 | 25 | 39 | 23 |
30 | Atlético Madrid B | 0.700 | 73 | 21 | 10 | 7 | 64 | 34 | 38 | 18 |
31 | SD Eibar | 0.655 | 75 | 20 | 15 | 11 | 49 | 40 | 46 | 14 |
32 | Albacete Balompié | 0.653 | 71 | 18 | 17 | 11 | 62 | 53 | 46 | 20 |
33 | Sporting Gijón | 0.634 | 59 | 14 | 17 | 15 | 51 | 54 | 46 | 49 |
34 | AD Alcorcón | 0.630 | 83 | 23 | 14 | 7 | 59 | 28 | 44 | 6 |
35 | CD Eldense | 0.585 | 78 | 21 | 15 | 9 | 62 | 43 | 45 | 10 |
36 | Atlético Sanluqueño CF | 0.582 | 70 | 20 | 10 | 8 | 54 | 35 | 38 | 22 |
37 | SD Amorebieta | 0.545 | 72 | 20 | 12 | 9 | 51 | 32 | 41 | 19 |
38 | Real Oviedo | 0.532 | 65 | 18 | 11 | 16 | 38 | 39 | 45 | 34 |
39 | Recreativo Granada | 0.532 | 67 | 19 | 10 | 9 | 55 | 37 | 38 | 25 |
40 | FC Cartagena | 0.512 | 62 | 17 | 11 | 17 | 50 | 55 | 45 | 42 |
41 | UCAM Murcia CF | 0.505 | 59 | 14 | 17 | 7 | 49 | 29 | 38 | 47 |
42 | CD Tenerife | 0.503 | 60 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 45 | 39 | 44 | 45 |
43 | Racing Ferrol | 0.485 | 78 | 23 | 9 | 9 | 57 | 29 | 41 | 8 |
44 | Burgos CF | 0.473 | 55 | 13 | 16 | 15 | 33 | 36 | 44 | 62 |
45 | Real Madrid Castilla | 0.470 | 74 | 20 | 14 | 8 | 67 | 46 | 42 | 15 |
46 | FC Andorra | 0.470 | 62 | 17 | 11 | 16 | 51 | 40 | 44 | 40 |
47 | Real Sociedad B | 0.461 | 61 | 14 | 19 | 7 | 52 | 37 | 40 | 43 |
48 | CDA Navalcarnero | 0.459 | 66 | 20 | 6 | 13 | 51 | 35 | 39 | 29 |
49 | CD Castellón | 0.455 | 66 | 17 | 15 | 10 | 51 | 38 | 42 | 30 |
50 | CD Teruel | 0.453 | 66 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 37 | 24 | 35 | 31 |
51 | SD Huesca | 0.452 | 53 | 11 | 20 | 12 | 38 | 38 | 43 | 71 |
52 | FC Barcelona B | 0.444 | 64 | 17 | 13 | 10 | 49 | 43 | 40 | 37 |
53 | Real Zaragoza | 0.431 | 53 | 12 | 17 | 14 | 40 | 40 | 43 | 70 |
54 | Racing Santander | 0.424 | 54 | 14 | 12 | 17 | 39 | 41 | 43 | 66 |
55 | Sestao River | 0.410 | 75 | 21 | 12 | 3 | 56 | 18 | 36 | 13 |
56 | Peña Deportiva | 0.405 | 65 | 18 | 11 | 8 | 52 | 30 | 37 | 32 |
57 | CD Mirandés | 0.392 | 55 | 14 | 13 | 17 | 50 | 56 | 44 | 63 |
58 | Deportivo La Coruña | 0.388 | 70 | 19 | 13 | 9 | 57 | 35 | 41 | 21 |
59 | CD Leganés | 0.386 | 54 | 14 | 12 | 17 | 37 | 42 | 43 | 67 |
60 | Gimnàstic de Tarragona | 0.376 | 59 | 16 | 11 | 14 | 42 | 46 | 41 | 50 |
61 | CD Estepona | 0.362 | 47 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 35 | 26 | 34 | 102 |
62 | Real Avilés | 0.359 | 64 | 18 | 10 | 10 | 49 | 33 | 38 | 36 |
63 | Gimnástica Segoviana | 0.358 | 53 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 48 | 45 | 36 | 69 |
64 | Linares Deportivo | 0.357 | 65 | 19 | 8 | 14 | 56 | 59 | 41 | 35 |
65 | Atlético Saguntino | 0.356 | 50 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 37 | 33 | 36 | 85 |
66 | CF Villanovense | 0.354 | 50 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 29 | 25 | 34 | 86 |
67 | Real Unión | 0.347 | 51 | 14 | 9 | 17 | 42 | 51 | 40 | 84 |
68 | CD Guadalajara | 0.347 | 51 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 51 | 39 | 36 | 78 |
69 | Celta Vigo B | 0.345 | 62 | 17 | 11 | 12 | 51 | 42 | 40 | 41 |
70 | Real Murcia | 0.341 | 57 | 14 | 15 | 10 | 50 | 34 | 39 | 51 |
71 | SD Compostela | 0.334 | 57 | 15 | 12 | 9 | 45 | 31 | 36 | 52 |
72 | CF Intercity | 0.330 | 55 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 51 | 48 | 41 | 59 |
73 | SD Ponferradina | 0.324 | 44 | 9 | 17 | 17 | 41 | 55 | 43 | 128 |
74 | CF La Nucía | 0.321 | 50 | 10 | 20 | 11 | 43 | 50 | 41 | 89 |
75 | CD Guijuelo | 0.317 | 57 | 15 | 12 | 9 | 38 | 31 | 36 | 53 |
76 | Yeclano Deportivo | 0.317 | 52 | 13 | 13 | 9 | 37 | 32 | 35 | 75 |
77 | Villarreal CF B | 0.313 | 50 | 13 | 11 | 18 | 49 | 55 | 42 | 88 |
78 | Valencia CF B | 0.306 | 59 | 16 | 11 | 9 | 50 | 29 | 36 | 46 |
79 | Zamora CF | 0.295 | 55 | 15 | 10 | 11 | 38 | 37 | 36 | 61 |
80 | SD Logroñés | 0.288 | 51 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 40 | 43 | 38 | 82 |
81 | Málaga CF | 0.282 | 45 | 10 | 15 | 19 | 39 | 47 | 44 | 121 |
82 | CD Numancia | 0.280 | 49 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 33 | 39 | 40 | 95 |
83 | Cádiz CF B | 0.278 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 38 | 46 | 34 | 122 |
84 | Unionistas CF | 0.278 | 56 | 15 | 11 | 12 | 38 | 40 | 38 | 56 |
85 | Unión Adarve | 0.274 | 46 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 44 | 45 | 35 | 110 |
86 | CE Manresa | 0.274 | 57 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 42 | 37 | 37 | 54 |
87 | AD Ceuta FC | 0.274 | 54 | 15 | 9 | 18 | 58 | 59 | 42 | 65 |
88 | CA Osasuna B | 0.265 | 53 | 15 | 8 | 15 | 51 | 45 | 38 | 68 |
89 | FC Cartagena B | 0.265 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 38 | 42 | 34 | 118 |
90 | Mar Menor CF | 0.265 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 32 | 36 | 34 | 119 |
91 | Real Betis B | 0.264 | 44 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 34 | 35 | 34 | 124 |
92 | Sevilla Atlético | 0.263 | 45 | 13 | 6 | 15 | 36 | 31 | 34 | 114 |
93 | Espanyol Barcelona B | 0.261 | 53 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 39 | 40 | 36 | 72 |
94 | CE Sabadell | 0.261 | 50 | 13 | 11 | 14 | 42 | 43 | 38 | 87 |
95 | Atlético Baleares | 0.259 | 48 | 11 | 15 | 13 | 45 | 47 | 39 | 99 |
96 | Mérida AD | 0.259 | 55 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 42 | 40 | 40 | 60 |
97 | UE Cornellà | 0.257 | 49 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 34 | 42 | 38 | 96 |
98 | CD Alcoyano | 0.256 | 47 | 11 | 14 | 13 | 36 | 41 | 38 | 107 |
99 | Terrassa FC | 0.253 | 49 | 11 | 16 | 7 | 44 | 37 | 34 | 90 |
100 | Xerez Deportivo FC | 0.250 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 14 | 30 | 36 | 34 | 143 |
101 | Ourense CF | 0.245 | 46 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 109 |
102 | Cerdanyola FC | 0.240 | 41 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 28 | 45 | 34 | 140 |
103 | CD Diocesano | 0.237 | 37 | 9 | 10 | 17 | 34 | 45 | 36 | 148 |
104 | CD San Roque | 0.235 | 47 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 37 | 33 | 35 | 105 |
105 | Vélez CF | 0.235 | 44 | 13 | 5 | 16 | 41 | 52 | 34 | 126 |
106 | UD Logroñés | 0.234 | 40 | 8 | 16 | 17 | 28 | 35 | 41 | 144 |
107 | CD Coria | 0.233 | 42 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 33 | 48 | 36 | 134 |
108 | Real Valladolid B | 0.230 | 56 | 16 | 8 | 12 | 51 | 45 | 36 | 55 |
109 | UD Montijo | 0.230 | 39 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 33 | 47 | 34 | 146 |
110 | CD Atlético Paso | 0.230 | 42 | 11 | 9 | 16 | 39 | 41 | 36 | 132 |
111 | Córdoba CF | 0.229 | 54 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 48 | 40 | 39 | 64 |
112 | SD Tarazona | 0.225 | 63 | 18 | 9 | 11 | 67 | 42 | 38 | 38 |
113 | Coruxo FC | 0.225 | 47 | 11 | 14 | 10 | 38 | 31 | 35 | 103 |
114 | CD Leganés B | 0.223 | 37 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 31 | 39 | 34 | 147 |
115 | Gimnástica Torrelavega | 0.223 | 51 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 81 |
116 | CD Alavés B | 0.217 | 63 | 17 | 12 | 9 | 44 | 26 | 38 | 39 |
117 | Marino de Luanco | 0.207 | 49 | 13 | 10 | 11 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 92 |
118 | UP Langreo | 0.206 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 36 | 38 | 34 | 116 |
119 | Hércules CF | 0.202 | 49 | 13 | 10 | 12 | 35 | 41 | 35 | 94 |
120 | Real Oviedo B | 0.201 | 51 | 16 | 3 | 15 | 44 | 42 | 34 | 80 |
121 | UD Ibiza | 0.198 | 37 | 8 | 13 | 23 | 37 | 69 | 44 | 149 |
122 | CD Leonesa | 0.196 | 48 | 13 | 9 | 16 | 41 | 43 | 38 | 100 |
123 | CF Badalona | 0.196 | 47 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 37 | 39 | 34 | 106 |
124 | AD Alcorcón B | 0.195 | 35 | 7 | 14 | 13 | 34 | 42 | 34 | 150 |
125 | Rayo Cantabria | 0.194 | 48 | 14 | 6 | 14 | 41 | 41 | 34 | 98 |
126 | Lleida Esportiu | 0.184 | 47 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 31 | 26 | 35 | 104 |
127 | CD Lugo | 0.183 | 31 | 6 | 13 | 24 | 27 | 58 | 43 | 163 |
128 | Pontevedra CF | 0.180 | 42 | 11 | 9 | 21 | 39 | 57 | 41 | 135 |
129 | SD Formentera | 0.177 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 37 | 35 | 34 | 115 |
130 | Juventud Torremolinos | 0.172 | 35 | 8 | 11 | 17 | 32 | 45 | 36 | 152 |
131 | Real Zaragoza B | 0.171 | 43 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 36 | 42 | 34 | 129 |
132 | San Fernando CD | 0.171 | 45 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 46 | 50 | 38 | 117 |
133 | Utebo FC | 0.162 | 55 | 14 | 13 | 10 | 45 | 39 | 37 | 57 |
134 | CF Fuenlabrada | 0.161 | 46 | 13 | 7 | 19 | 32 | 53 | 39 | 112 |
135 | CD Ibiza | 0.161 | 35 | 8 | 11 | 18 | 37 | 55 | 37 | 153 |
136 | CD Badajoz | 0.160 | 43 | 11 | 10 | 17 | 35 | 52 | 38 | 131 |
137 | AE Prat | 0.158 | 41 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 34 | 43 | 34 | 138 |
138 | UD Alzira | 0.158 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 14 | 41 | 46 | 35 | 120 |
139 | UD SS Reyes | 0.157 | 43 | 11 | 10 | 17 | 30 | 46 | 38 | 130 |
140 | RB Linense | 0.157 | 42 | 10 | 12 | 16 | 31 | 34 | 38 | 133 |
141 | Don Benito | 0.156 | 32 | 7 | 11 | 16 | 19 | 47 | 34 | 160 |
142 | Rayo Majadahonda | 0.156 | 45 | 12 | 9 | 18 | 43 | 54 | 39 | 123 |
143 | UD Socuéllamos | 0.154 | 33 | 7 | 12 | 15 | 25 | 41 | 34 | 155 |
144 | Algeciras CF | 0.154 | 44 | 11 | 11 | 16 | 36 | 47 | 38 | 127 |
145 | CD El Ejido 2012 | 0.154 | 39 | 11 | 6 | 17 | 34 | 41 | 34 | 145 |
146 | SD Gernika | 0.145 | 55 | 15 | 10 | 13 | 41 | 37 | 38 | 58 |
147 | CD Calahorra | 0.143 | 33 | 7 | 12 | 19 | 31 | 52 | 38 | 156 |
148 | Atlético Mancha Real | 0.134 | 31 | 8 | 7 | 19 | 26 | 48 | 34 | 162 |
149 | CD Tudelano | 0.134 | 52 | 14 | 10 | 10 | 39 | 32 | 34 | 74 |
150 | CD Cristo Atlético | 0.132 | 41 | 10 | 11 | 14 | 25 | 34 | 35 | 139 |
151 | AD San Juan | 0.129 | 51 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 33 | 29 | 35 | 79 |
152 | Arenas de Getxo | 0.123 | 51 | 14 | 9 | 13 | 41 | 47 | 36 | 83 |
153 | CD Izarra | 0.123 | 48 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 39 | 31 | 34 | 97 |
154 | UE Olot | 0.113 | 32 | 7 | 11 | 17 | 26 | 42 | 35 | 158 |
155 | Real Sociedad C | 0.111 | 52 | 16 | 4 | 14 | 46 | 42 | 34 | 76 |
156 | CD Brea | 0.110 | 44 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 27 | 33 | 34 | 125 |
157 | CD Laredo | 0.107 | 35 | 9 | 8 | 17 | 20 | 31 | 34 | 151 |
158 | CF Talavera | 0.102 | 33 | 8 | 9 | 21 | 36 | 63 | 38 | 157 |
159 | UD Mutilvera | 0.099 | 46 | 14 | 4 | 16 | 44 | 37 | 34 | 108 |
160 | Athletic Bilbao B | 0.098 | 26 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 27 | 54 | 38 | 168 |
161 | CD Lugo B Polvorín | 0.092 | 26 | 5 | 11 | 18 | 30 | 47 | 34 | 167 |
162 | RCD Mallorca B | 0.089 | 29 | 7 | 8 | 19 | 24 | 43 | 34 | 165 |
163 | Utrera CD | 0.079 | 19 | 5 | 4 | 26 | 27 | 68 | 35 | 172 |
164 | Bergantiños FC | 0.075 | 22 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 33 | 54 | 34 | 171 |
165 | CA Cirbonero | 0.074 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 35 | 41 | 35 | 142 |
166 | SD Beasain | 0.074 | 41 | 10 | 11 | 14 | 42 | 43 | 35 | 137 |
167 | CD Ebro | 0.074 | 24 | 4 | 12 | 18 | 25 | 39 | 34 | 170 |
168 | Burgos Promesas | 0.069 | 27 | 7 | 6 | 21 | 29 | 54 | 34 | 166 |
169 | CD Alfaro | 0.059 | 34 | 8 | 10 | 17 | 35 | 55 | 35 | 154 |
170 | Racing Rioja CF | 0.057 | 32 | 8 | 8 | 19 | 27 | 59 | 35 | 161 |
171 | UD Logroñés Promesas | 0.056 | 32 | 8 | 8 | 18 | 27 | 54 | 34 | 159 |
172 | CD Arnedo | 0.041 | 25 | 6 | 7 | 23 | 30 | 69 | 36 | 169 |
173 | CFJ Mollerussa | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 173 |
173 | CD Fuentes | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 174 |
173 | CD l'Alcora | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 175 |
173 | UD Barbadás | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 176 |
173 | Velarde CF | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 177 |
173 | CD Algar | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 178 |
173 | CD Cazalegas | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 179 |
173 | CD Santa Amalia | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 180 |
173 | Dinamo San Juan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 181 |
173 | Montilla CF | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 182 |
173 | CD Rincón | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 183 |
173 | CD Autol | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 184 |
173 | Atlético de Lugones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 185 |
173 | CD Los Yébenes-San Bruno | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 186 |
173 | Quintanar del Rey | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 187 |
173 | Universitario FC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 188 |
173 | Turégano CF | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 189 |
173 | CD Cardassar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 190 |
173 | CD Manacor | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 191 |
173 | CD Lealtad | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 192 |
173 | CF Vimenor | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 193 |
173 | SD Almazán | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 194 |
173 | Melilla CD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 195 |
173 | CD Amigó | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 196 |
173 | CD Huétor Tájar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 197 |
173 | Ceuta 6 de Junio | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 198 |
173 | Las Rozas CF | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 199 |
EigenPoints, Points, Wins, Draws, Losses, GoalsFor, GoalsAgainst, GamesPlayed, PointsRank.
« 1981-82 | History | 2024-25 » |
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Includes league matches and promotion play-offs from the top tiers of Spanish league football, Copa del Rey, and the Super Cup (Supercopa). Matches decided on penalties are treated as ties.